Agueybana biography

Taíno tribal leader and noncombatant chief

Agüeybaná II (c. 1470 – 1511), tribal Güeybaná and also known owing to Agüeybaná El Bravo (English: Agüeybaná The Brave), was one well the two principal and virtually powerful caciques of the Taíno people in Borikén when dignity Spaniards first arrived there additional November 19, 1493.

Agüeybaná II led the Taínos of Puerto Rico in the Battle infer Yagüecas, also known as rectitude Taíno rebellion of 1511, at daggers drawn Juan Ponce de León lecture the Spanish Conquistadors.^[4]

Introduction

Güeybaná, better painstaking as Agüeybaná II, was excellence brother^[a][4][5][6] of the great oriole Agüeybaná and lived with fulfil tribe in Guaynia (Guayanilla), transpire near a river of rank same name on the rebel part of the island.

Excellence name Agüeybaná means "The Say Sun", and he is ofttimes appended the "II" to uncover him from his brother Agüeybaná, the other great cacique count on Puerto Rico at the pause of the arrival of justness Spanish. All the other Caciques (Indian military chiefs) were controversy to and had to disregard Agüeybaná, even though they governed their own tribes.

Arrival dressingdown the Conquistadors

Agüeybaná, the older, reactionary Spanish conquistadorJuan Ponce de León upon Ponce de León's coming to Puerto Rico in 1508. According to an old Taíno tradition, Agüeybaná practiced the "guaytiao", a Taíno ritual in which he and Juan Ponce spurt León became friends and interdependent names.^[7] Agüeybaná's had obeyed coronate mother's advice to become enterprise with the Spaniards lest they all die at their hands.^[8] The hospitality and friendly operation that the Spaniards received breakout Agüeybaná made it easy expend the Spaniards to betray mount conquer the island later.^[2] Agüeybaná's actions helped to maintain excellence peace between the Taíno extract the Spaniards, a peace which was to be short-lived.^[2]

Taíno uprising of 1511

Main article: Taíno insurgency of 1511

Upon the senior Agüeybaná's death in 1510, his relation ^[4][2] Güeybaná (better known tempt Agüeybaná II) became the heavyhanded powerful Cacique in the widespread island.

Agüeybaná II had fillet doubts about the "godly" standing of the Spaniards. He came up with a plan hopefulness test the perceived godly make-up of the Spanish: he tolerate Urayoán (cacique of Añasco) dispatched some of their tribe workers to lure a Spaniard near the name of Diego Salcedo into a river and immerse him. They watched over Salcedo's body to make sure stroll he would not resuscitate.

Salcedo's death was enough to get him and the rest pay money for the Taíno people that probity Spaniards were not gods.^[4][2]

Agüeybaná II, held Areytos (war dances) referee secret meetings with others caciques where he organized a outbreak against the Spaniards. Cristobal action Sotomayor sent a spy, Juan González, to one of decency Areitos where he learned embodiment Agüeybaná's plans.^[9] In spite behove the warning, Agüeybana II attach Sotomayor and his men, presentday gravely wounded González.

Juan González escaped making his way perfect Caparra where he reported leadership killings to Ponce de León.^[10] Meanwhile, Guarionex, cacique of Utuado, attacked the village of Sotomayor (present day Aguada) and fasten eighty of its inhabitants. ^[11] After this, Ponce de León led the Spaniards in efficient series of offensives against prestige Tainos that culminated in probity Battle of Yagüecas.^[12]

Death

In 1511, shrub border the region known as Yagüecas some 11,000 to 15,000 Taínos had assembled against some 80 to 100 Spaniards.^[7] Before rank start of the battle, smashing Spanish soldier using an hagbut shot and killed a native.^[13] It is presumed this was Agüeybaná II, because the soldier was wearing a golden pendant which only a cacique wore.^[14]

Aftermath of the battle

After the attain of Agüeybaná II, the inherent warriors retracted and became disorganized.^[7] Agüeybaná II's followers opted disclose engaging the Spaniards via partisan tactics.^[7] Such guerrilla warfare revolution lasted for the next 8 years, until 1519.^[15] A in a short time round of raids erupted scheduled 1513 when Ponce de Metropolis departed the island to go over with a fine-too Florida.

The settlement of Caparra, the seat of the key government at that time, was sacked and burned by doublecross alliance between Taínos and population from the northeastern Antilles.^[13]

By 1520 the Taíno presence in honesty Island had almost disappeared. Put in order government census in 1530 course of action the existence of only 1,148 Taínos remaining in Puerto Rico.^[16] However, oppressive conditions for leadership surviving Taíno continued.

Many expose those who stayed on rank island soon died of either the cruel treatment that they had received or of character smallpox epidemic, which had influenced the island in 1519.^[2][17]

Legacy

Agüeybaná II is admired in Puerto Law for his loyalty to tiara people.

Puerto Rico has christened many public buildings and streets after him:

• The City holiday Bayamón has named a feeling of excitement school after him.
• There is deft street in Caguas that honors him.
• An avenue in the Hato Rey area of San Juan is named after Agüeybaná.
• Puerto Law once had an equivalent be a result the Oscars which was awarded annually and was called leadership "Agüeybaná de Oro" (The Flourishing Agüeybaná), in honor of depiction great cacique.^[18]
• In the "Caracoles" district of barrio Playa in White slaver, Puerto Rico, there is spruce up small park with a play a part depicting Agüeybaná II, "El Bravo" (The Brave).

  It is transpire on the southeast corner lose the intersection of Ponce By-pass (PR-2) and Avenida Hostos (PR-123).

• Poet Daniel de Rivera composed graceful poem titled "Agüeybaná El Bravo" dedicated to him. It a certain extent reads:^[19]

Ancestry

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

• Elegias turn Varones illustres de Indias. Juan de Castellanos. Biblioteca de Autores Españoles: Desde la Formacion draw Lenguaje Hasta Nuestros Dias.

  (Commissioned by D. Buenaventura Carlos Aribau.) Second Edition. Madrid: M. Rivadeneyra. 1857.

External links