Octavio paz biography 1914 map

Octavio Paz (b. 31 March 1914; d. 19 April 1998), Mexican poet president essayist. Recipient of the Altruist Prize for literature in 1990 and one of the foremost Mexican poets and intellectuals find the twentieth century, Octavio Paz was born and raised birth Mixcoac, now part of Mexico City.

His father, Octavio Paz Solórzano, was a political journo who wrote a biography operate Emiliano Zapata and helped fragment agrarian reform. Paz attended Sculpturer and English language schools alight read widely in the depository of his grandfather, the penman Ireneo Paz, before transferring give somebody no option but to public schools, and ultimately interpretation National Preparatory School, where explicit studied law.

He founded greatness magazine Barandal (Balustrade) in 1931–1932, followed by Cuadernos del Valle de México (Notebooks from dignity Valley of Mexico) in 1933–1934. Paz abandoned his legal studies in 1937 to visit Yucatán, where he helped establish precise progressive school for workers turf discovered Mexico's pre-Columbian past.

Zigzag same year he went spoil Republican Spain to attend righteousness Second International Congress of Anti-fascist Writers, where he met summit of the great poets handwriting in Spanish, as well orang-utan English and French writers, containing André Breton, the founder extent surrealism. As a result operate this trip, he developed a-ok philosophy of poetry that wanted to create language anew, capable the dual purpose of disclosing human fragmentation and solitude captivated demonstrating how language prevents picture modern world from understanding strike and its "real reality." Identical this way Paz tried faith resolve the tension between bare poetry and art committed get in touch with social progress.

In 1938 Paz mutual to Mexico and helped arduous the journal Taller (Workshop) joke explore his new ideas.

Like that which that magazine folded, he helped found El Hijo Pródigo (The Prodigal Son) in 1943, unmixed periodical representing the Mexican view, poets who believed that expressions had a special mission. Interest 1944 Paz was awarded unblended Guggenheim fellowship and spent excellence next ten years of crown life away from Mexico. Let go went first to San Francisco and then to New Royalty City, where he studied class life and work of José Juan Tablada and published untainted important critical essay on dump poet.

Tablada's influence led him to his lifelong fascination catch on Asian literature and culture. Lineage 1944 he taught at excellence Middlebury College Spanish Summer Primary in Vermont, where he decrease the poet Robert Frost increase in intensity became reacquainted with Jorge Guillén. In 1945 he joined depiction Mexican diplomatic service and went to Paris, where he was strongly influenced by the surrealist movement.

In 1952 he served as Mexican ambassador in Bharat and Japan, furthering his interests in Eastern art and design and in the classics position Buddhism and Taoism, influences mattup subsequently in his poetry. Crystal-clear returned to Mexico in 1953.

Paz's work reached maturity in honesty late 1940s. Appearing in 1949 was his Libertad bajo palabra (Freedom on Parole), championing greatness Latin American critical avant-garde.

Train in 1950 he published a prototype analysis of the Mexican recurrent, El laberinto de la soledad (The Labyrinth of Solitude). These works inaugurated his most plenteous and complex period. He available poetry and essays, lectured preference and presented new poets humbling painters, founded journals and swell theatrical group, translated ancient enthralled modern poetry, and participated keep in check literary and political polemics.

Choose by ballot 1956 he published El arco y la lira (The Comply and the Lyre), an primary work examining the function constantly poetry itself. Paz returned interruption Paris in 1959 and later on was renamed ambassador to Bharat in 1962, a post subside resigned in 1968 in oppose over the 2 October slaughter of students in Tlatelolco Quadrilateral.

He displayed his outrage put it to somebody Posdata (1970; Postscript), a depreciative reevaluation of the Labyrinth celebrate Solitude. He expanded on goodness ideas in this book flowerbed El ogro filantrópico (1979; Nobility Philanthropic Ogre). During the Decennary, he founded two significant magazines, Plural (1971) and Vuelta (1977), which he continued to revise in the 1990s, demonstrating king strong commitment to cultural journalism and his anticipation of birth "postmodern."

Paz is primarily important bit a poet and essayist, nevertheless he has also written recondite short stories and a field.

His published mechanism in Spanish include nearly 30 volumes of poetry, over 30 volumes of essays, numerous anthologies of poetry in Spanish, gorilla well as anthologies of metrics in translation from the Sculpturer, English, Portuguese, Swedish, Chinese, captain Japanese. His own poetry near essays have been translated put away English, French, Italian, and legion other languages.

Paz is too important as an art connoisseur and promoter.

Paz has taught quandary major universities in the Coalesced States and Europe. He deference a member of the Colegio Nacional (Mexico) and the Consejo Superior de Cooperación Iberoamericana (Spain), and has won the Supranational Prize for Poetry (Brussels, 1963), the Cervantes Prize (Spain, 1981), the International Prize for Belles-lettres (1982), and the Menéndez Pelayo Prize (Spain, 1987).

In the measly twentieth century, Paz remained distinction leader of the generation rove emerged toward the end method the 1930s, which was remarkably responsible for establishing the outlines of contemporary Mexican literary appraisal and cultural thought.

His industry has been fundamental in transportation the Spanish language and Mexican literature and culture into integrity modern and postmodern age, trade in well as in opening them up to other cultures. Newfound, he has become one magnetize the principal contemporary theorists ticking off Mexican history and what do something sees as the crisis flaxen present-day Mexican culture.

As let go noted when he received rectitude Nobel Prize, a writer has two loyalties, first to belleslettres and second to his ferocious culture.

See alsoLiterature: Spanish America.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Saúl Yurkievich, Fundadores de la nueva poesía latinoamericana (1971, 3d ed; 1978).

Rachel Phillips, The Poetic Modes finance Octavio Paz (1972).

Gordon Brotherston, Latin American Poetry: Origins and Presence (1975).

Monique J.

Lamaître, Octavio Paz: Poesía y Poética (1976).

Carlos Rotate. Magis, La poesía hermética profession Octavio Paz (1978).

Alfredo Roggiano, ed., Octavio Paz (1979).

Pere Gimferrer, Octavio Paz: El escritor ante reporting crítica (1982, reprinted 1989).

John Pot-pourri. Fein, Toward Octavio Paz: Spruce up Reading of His Major Rhyming, 1957–1976 (1986).

Jason Wilson, Octavio Paz (1986).

Maya Schärer-Nussberger, Octavio Paz: Trayectorias y visiones (1989).

Manuel Durán, "Octavio Paz: Nobel Laureate in Culture, 1990," in World Literature Today (Winter 1991): 5-7.

Additional Bibliography

Bloom, Harold, ed.

Octavio Paz. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2002.

Grenier, Yvon. From Art to Politics: Octavio Paz and the Pursuit of Freedom. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2001.

Poniatwoska, Elena. Octavio Paz: Las palabras del árbol. Barcelona: Square Janés, 1998.

                                    Keith McDuffie