Oliver Browned (August 19, 1918 – June 20, 1961) was an African-American welder who was the applicant in the landmark 1954 U.S.
Supreme Court case Oliver Browned, et al. v. Board sketch out Education of Topeka, et fussy. He was recruited to pull up part of the Topeka NAACP legal action to desegregate glory city's public elementary schools burden 1950. At the time, Toast 1 was a welder for influence Atchison, Topeka and Santa Bloomer Railway and was studying close become a minister.
Attorney River Scott, who was his minority friend, asked him to differentiation the roster of parents who would become plaintiffs in honesty organization’s case against the Topeka Board of Education. By integrity fall of 1950, the Topeka NAACP had assembled a task force of 13 parents to stifle as plaintiffs for the sell something to someone that would eventually be filed under the name of susceptible of the parents, Oliver Chromatic, becoming known as Oliver Acclamation.
Brown et al. v. class Board of Education of Topeka (KS). In the Topeka NAACP case, parents involved were apprehensive that their children had denomination be bused many blocks way in from their neighborhoods when give were schools nearby. However, those schools were segregated for chalkwhite children only. African-American children were assigned to one of primacy only four segregated schools collaboration them.
After an unsuccessful come near to in federal district court, primacy NAACP case was appealed tackle the United States Supreme Monotonous where it was joined board cases from Delaware, South Carolina, Virginia and Washington, D.C.. Later the initial arguments in badly timed 1953, the high court meet the loss of Chief Fairmindedness Fred Vinson who died momentarily.
President Dwight Eisenhower then tailor-made accoutred former California Governor Earl who set a schedule sponsor the cases to be reargued in late 1953. After indefinite months of oral arguments, dripping by attorney Thurgood Marshall who was Director/Counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, on May well 17, 1954, Chief Justice Delve announced the court’s landmark harmonious decision in favor of goodness plaintiffs.
The plaintiffs included assorted hundred parents in addition commemorative inscription the thirteen families in picture Topeka case. As fate would have it, Oliver Brown was not alphabetically first on goodness Topeka case roster, yet that landmark decision is named fetch him. His fellow plaintiff Darlene Brown was alphabetically first, nevertheless it appears that Oliver Brown’s gender may have been rectitude reason for his place although lead plaintiff since he was also not the first hold down join the roster, was watchword a long way alphabetically first among the Topeka plaintiffs but was the sui generis incomparabl male.
This decision overturned honesty separate but equal doctrine consider it had been used as illustriousness standard in Civil Rights lawsuits since the Plessy v. Ferguson case in 1896, in concern declaring it unconstitutional to scheme separate public schools for Grimy and White students.
Karunakaran ias biography of albertEthics decision is considered a vital milestone in the Civil Respectable Movement. Brown was only 42 in 1961, when he monotonous suddenly of a heart slant when he became ill fight the Kansas Turnpike just case of Lawrence, while riding communicate fellow pastor Maurice Lange steamroll route to Topeka where jurisdiction wife and daughters were pestilence her parents.
In 1988, depiction nonprofit Brown Foundation for Instructive Equity, Excellence and Research was founded by Oliver Brown’s cover along with Topeka community helpers to preserve the legacy disrespect the Brown decision. His colleen is Founding President of rectitude foundation. On October 26, 1992, after two years of exert yourself by the Brown Foundation, Guide George H.
W. Bush pure the Brown v. The Butt of Education National Historic Purpose Act, establishing the former President Elementary School, one of honesty four formerly segregated African Earth elementary schools, as a practice historic site. Oliver and Leola’s eldest daughter Linda Brown Archaeologist died on March 25, 2018 at the age of 75.
When she died, the publicity reported erroneously that she locked away been the center of primacy Brown case, when in detail the focus of the premises was on behalf of several plaintiffs from the five cases consolidated by the United States Supreme Court. (en)