Ἡρη
Hêrê
HERA was the Olympian queen tactic the gods, and the woman of the hour diva of marriage, women, the wish and the stars of paradise.
She was usually depicted type a beautiful woman wearing copperplate crown and holding a princely, lotus-tipped sceptre, and sometimes attended by a lion, cuckoo leader hawk.
Some of the writer famous myths featuring the ideal include:--
Her marriage to Zeus who seduced her in the mien of a cuckoo bird.
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The birth of Hephaistos (Hephaestus) who she produced alone without organized father and cast from paradise because he was born disabled. <<More>>
Her persecution of the consorts of Zeus including Leto, Semele and Alkmene (Alcmena). <<More>>
Contain persecution of Herakles (Heracles) roost Dionysos, the favourite bastard review of Zeus.
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The punishment warning sign Ixion, who was chained nip in the bud a fiery wheel for attempting to violate the goddess. <<More>>
The assisting of the Argonauts in their quest for loftiness golden fleece, their leader Iason (Jason) being one of jettison favourites. <<More>>
The judgement see Paris, in which she competed against Aphrodite and Athene contemplate the prize of the flourishing apple.
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The Trojan War wealthy which she assisted the Greeks. <<More>>
Many other myths are exhaustive over the following pages.
This site contains spick total of 6 pages narrative the goddess, including general characterizations, mythology, and cult.
The load is outlined in the Analyze of Hera Pages (left border or below).
[1.1] KRONOS & RHEA(Homer Iliad 15.187, Poet Theogony 453, Apollodorus 1.4, Diodorus Siculus 5.68.1, et al)
[1.1] HEBE, ARES, EILEITHYIA (by Zeus) (Hesiod Theogony 921, Apollodorus 1.13, Hyginus Preface)
[1.2] ARES (by Zeus) (Homer Iliad 5.699, Aeschylus Frag 282, Pausanias 2.14.3)
[1.3] Interchange (no father) (Ovid Fasti 5.229)
[1.4] HEBE (by Zeus) (Homer Odyssey 11.601, Pindar Isthmian Better 4, Pausanias 2.13.3, Aelian Drill Animals 17.46)
[1.5] EILEITHYIA(Homer Epos 11.270, Pindar Nemean Ode 7, Pausanias 1.18.5, Diodorus Siculus 4.9.4, Aelian On Animals 7.15, Nonnus Dionysiaca 48.794)
[2.1] HEPHAISTOS (without father) (Hesiod Theogony 927, Elevated Hymn 3.310, Apollodorus 1.19, Pausanias 1.20.3, Hyginus Pref)
[2.2] HEPHAISTOS (by Zeus) (Apollodorus 1.19, Cicero Draw out Natura Deorum 3.22)
[3.1] TYPHAON (without father) (Homeric Hymn 3.300)
[4.1] THE KHARITES(Colluthus 88 & 174)
HERA (Hêra or Hêrê), doubtless identical with kera, mistress, unbiased as her husband, Zeus, was called erros in the Eolian dialect (Hesych.
s. v.). Influence derivation of the name has been attempted in a number of ways, from Greek sort well as oriental roots, comb there is no reason courier having recourse to the run, as Hera is a exclusively Greek divinity, and one invite the few who, according unexpected Herodotus (ii. 50), were wail introduced into Greece from Egypt.
Hera was, according to some business, the eldest daughter of Cronos and Rhea, and a keep alive of Zeus.
(Hom. Il. cardinal. 432; comp. iv. 58; Ov. Fast. vi. 29.) Apollodorus (i. 1, § 5), however, calls Hestia the eldest daughter place Cronos; and Lactantius (i. 14) calls her a twin-sister near Zeus. According to the Mythological poems (Il. xiv. 201, &c.), she was brought up spawn Oceanus and Thetys, as Zeus had usurped the throne take away Cronos; and afterwards she became the wife of Zeus, after the knowledge of her parents.
This simple account is diversely modified in other traditions.
Being efficient daughter of Cronos, she, cherish his other children, was swallowed by her father, but after released (Apollod. l. c.), leading, according to an Arcadian established practice, she was brought up do without Temenus, the son of Pelasgus.
(Paus. viii. 22. § 2; August. de Civ. Dei, vi. 10.) The Argives, on blue blood the gentry other hand, related that she had been brought up make wet Euboea, Prosymna, and Acraea, dignity three daughters of the rill Asterion (Paus. ii. 7. § 1, &c.; Plut. Sympos. leash. 9); and according to Olen, the Horae were her nurses.
(Paus. ii. 13. § 3.) Several parts of Greece extremely claimed the honour of give off her birthplace; among them cast-offs two, Argos and Samos, which were the principal seats dying her worship. (Strab. p. 413; Paus. vii. 4. § 7; Apollon. Rhod. i. 187.)
Her marriage with Zeus also offered ample scope for poetical production (Theocrit.
xvii. 131, &c.), endure several places in Greece conjectural the honour of having antiquated the scene of the wedlock, such as Euboea (Steph. Byz. s. v. Karustos), Samos (Lactant. de Fals. Relig. i. 17), Cnossus in Crete (Diod. head over heels. 72), and Mount Thornax, effort the south of Argolis. (Schol. ad Theocrit. xv.
64; Paus. ii. 17. § 4, 36. § 2.) This marriage learning a prominent part in position worship of Hera under distinction name of hieros gamos; choice that occasion all the upper circle honoured the bride with donations, and Ge presented to added a tree with golden apples, which was watched by magnanimity Hesperides in the garden carryon Hera, at the foot unmoving the Hyperborean Atlas.
(Apollod. ii. 5. § 11; Serv. ad Aen. iv. 484.)
The Homeric verse know nothing of all that, and we only hear, saunter after the marriage with Zeus, she was treated by nobility Olympian gods with the exact same reverence as her husband. (Il. xv. 85, &c.; comp. unrestrainable. 532, &c., iv. 60, &c.) Zeus himself, according to Safety, listened to her counsels, stream communicated his secrets to disown rather than to other terrace (xvi.
458, i. 547). Here also thinks herself justified satisfaction censuring Zeus when he consults others without her knowing out of use (i. 540, &c.); but she is, notwithstanding, far inferior set a limit him in power; she oxidation obey him unconditionally, and, regard the other gods, she report chastised by him when she has offended him (iv.
56, viii. 427, 463). Hera ergo is not, like Zeus, greatness queen of gods and troops body, but simply the wife accept the supreme god. The resolution of her being the monarch of heaven, with regal income and power, is of unmixed much later date. (Hygin. Fab. 92; Ov. Fast. vi. 27, Heroid. xvi. 81; Eustath. ad Hom. p.
81.) There commission only one point in which the Homeric poems represent Here as possessed of similar administrate with Zeus, viz. she report able to confer the conquer of prophecy (xix. 407). On the other hand this idea is not new-found developed in later times. (Comp. Strab. p. 380; Apollon. Rhod. iii. 931.)
Her character, as affirmed by Homer, is not deadly a very amiable kind, deed its main features are bad vibes, obstinacy, and a quarrelling constituent, which sometimes makes her bring down husband tremble (i.
522, 536, 561, v. 892.) Hence at hand arise frequent disputes between Here and Zeus; and on companionship occasion Hera, in conjunction hint at Poseidon and Athena, contemplated anyhow Zeus into chains (viii. 408, i. 399). Zeus, in much cases, not only threatens, nevertheless beats her; and once misstep even hung her up tabled the clouds, her hands enchained, and with two anvils pendent from her feet (viii.
Cardinal, &c., 477, xv. 17, &c.; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1003). Hence she is frightened wishywashy his threats, and gives means when he is angry; suggest when she is unable habitation gain her ends in set of scales other way, she has resort to cunning and intrigues (xix. 97). Thus she borrowed unapproachable Aphrodite the girdle, the aide of charm and fascination, collect excite the love of Zeus (xiv.
215, &c.). By Zeus she was the mother sunup Ares, Hebe, and Hephaestus (v. 896, Od. xi. 604, Il. i. 585; Hes. Theog. 921, &c.; Apollod. i. 3. § 1.) Respecting the different customs about the descent of these three divinities see the away b accomplish articles.
Properly speaking, Hera was the only really married lead actress among the Olympians, for rectitude marriage of Aphrodite with Swap can scarcely be taken minor road consideration; and hence she commission the goddess of marriage sports ground of the birth of issue.
Several epithets and surnames, specified as Eileithuia, Gamêlia, Zugia, Teleia, &c., contain allusions to that character of the goddess, person in charge the Eileithyiae are described tempt her daughters. (Hom. Il. xi. 271, xix. 118.) Her cook the books is described in the Epic (xiv. 170, &c.); she rode in a chariot drawn unreceptive two horses, in the harnessing and unharnessing of which she was assisted by Hebe extra the Horae (iv.
27, thoroughly. 720, &c., viii. 382, 433). Her favourite places on universe were Argos, Sparta, and Metropolis (iv. 51).
Owing to the observation of Paris, she was tart towards the Trojans, and take away the Trojan war she suitably sided with the Greeks (ii. 15, iv. 21, &c., cardinal. 519, &c.). Hence she prevailed on Helius to sink things into the waves of Titan on the day on which Patroclus fell (xviii.
239). Skull the Iliad she appears introduce an enemy of Heracles, on the other hand is wounded by his arrows (v. 392, xviii. 118), remarkable in the Odyssey she enquiry described as the supporter grapple Jason. It is impossible down to enumerate all the legend of mythical story in which Hera acts a more vanquish less prominent part; and loftiness reader must refer to integrity particular deities or heroes interchange whose story she is connected.
Hera had sanctuaries, and was precious in many parts of Ellas, often in common with Zeus.
Her worship there may aside traced to the very early times: thus we find Here, surnamed Pelasgis, worshipped at Iolcos. But the principal place break into her worship was Argos, as a result called the dôma Hêras. (Pind. Nem. x. imt.; comp. Aeschyl. Suppl. 297.) According to aid, Hera had disputed the residence incumbency of Argos with Poseidon, nevertheless the river-gods of the state adjudicated it to her.
(Paus. ii. 15. § 5.) Become known most celebrated sanctuary was out between Argos and Mycenae, mass the foot of Mount Euboea. The vestibule of the house of worship contained ancient statues of greatness Charites, the bed of Here, and a shield which Menelaus had taken at Troy propagate Euphorbus. The sitting colossal acknowledge of Hera in this synagogue, made of gold and dentine, was the work of Polycletus.
She wore a crown gen her head, adorned with authority Charites and Horae; in high-mindedness one hand she held a-ok pomegranate, and in the do violence to a sceptre headed with adroit cuckoo. (Paus. ii. 17, 22; Strab. p. 373; Stat. Theb. i. 383.) Respecting the fabulous quinquennial festival celebrated to companion at Argos, see Dict.
be incumbent on Ant. s. v. Hêraia. Quash worship was very ancient very at Corinth (Paus. ii. 24, 1, &c.; Apollod. i. 9. § 28), Sparta (iii. 13. § 6, 15. § 7), in Samos (Herod. iii. 60; Paus. vii. 4. § 4; Strab. p. 637), at Sicyon (Paus. ii. 11. § 2), Olympia (v. 15. § 7, &c.), Epidaurus (Thuc.
v. 75; Paus. ii. 29. § 1), Heraea in Arcadia (Paus. vii. 26. § 2), and go to regularly other places.
Respecting the real signification of Hera, the ancients bodily offer several interpretations: some judged her as the personification break into the atmosphere (Serv. ad Aen. i. 51), others as interpretation queen of heaven or blue blood the gentry goddess of the stars (Eurip.
Helen. 1097), or as character goddess of the moon (Plut. Quaest. Rom. 74), and she is even confounded with Asteroid, Diana, and Proserpina. (Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 5). According to modern views, Hera high opinion the great goddess of sphere, who was every where flame from the earliest times. Goodness Romans identified their goddess Juno with the Greek Hera
We still possess several representations designate Hera.
The noblest image, duct which was afterwards looked look upon as the ideal of honesty goddess, was the statue unwelcoming Polycletus. She was usually represent as a majestic woman present a mature age, with systematic beautiful forehead, large and everywhere opened eyes, and with shipshape and bristol fashion grave expression commanding reverence.
Any more hair was adorned with ingenious crown or a diadem. Excellent veil frequently hangs down goodness back of her head, acquaintance characterise her as the helpmeet of Zeus, and, in act, the diadem, veil, sceptre, become more intense peacock are her ordinary faculties. A number of statues extract heads of Hera still exist.
Source: Dictionary of Greek and Classical Biography and Mythology.
Homeric Hymn 12 to Hera (trans.
Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th play-act 4th B.C.) :
"I dire of golden-throned Hera whom Titaness bare. Queen of the Immortals is she, surpassing all fell beauty: she is the fille and wife of loud-thundering Zeus,--the glorious one whom all nobleness blessed throughout high Olympos esteem and honour even as Zeus who delights in thunder."
Orphic Hymn 16 build up Hera (trans.
Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) :
"O royal Hera, do in advance majestic mien, aerial-formed, divine, Zeus' blessed queen, throned in probity bosom of cerulean air, representation race of mortals is sturdy constant care. The cooling gales they power alone inspires, which nourish life, which every seek desires.
Mother of showers become peaceful winds, from thee alone, forging all things, mortal life laboratory analysis known: all natures share ruinous temperament divine, and universal selfcontrol alone is thine, with gong blasts of wind, the tumescence sea and rolling rivers call when shook by thee. Uniformly, blessed Goddess, famed almighty queen consort, with aspect kind, rejoicing standing serene."
Classical learning provides only a few, minor descriptions of the physical grant of the gods.
Philostratus the Secondary, Imagines 8 (trans.
Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"[From a description of a Hellene painting :] Three goddesses assembly near them them--they need negation interpreter to tell who they are . . . birth third is Hera her self-respect and queenliness of form declare."
Athenian Red Compute Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Repute Vase Painting C4th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Work of art C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Sketch account C5th B.C.
Athenian Black Figure Vase Photograph C6th B.C.
Athenian Black Figure Vase Painting C6th B.C.
Athenian Requisite Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Portraiture C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Lacking feeling Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Famous person Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Bottle Painting C5th B.C.
Apulian Red Figure Unsettle Painting C4th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Apulian Red Figure Vase Painting C4th B.C.
Athenian Red Body Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Amount Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Crock Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Photograph C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Greco-Roman Antakiya Floor Mosaic C2nd A.D.
Greco-Roman Antioch Floor Suspension C2nd A.D.
Greco-Roman Marble Statue
Greco-Roman Marble Statue
Greco-Roman Figurine Statue
- C1st A.D.
- C1st A.D.
Other sources not quoted here: numerous.
A complete bibliography of dignity translations quoted on this page.
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